Barriers To Effective Communication In Nursing Nursing Essay

Barriers To Effective Communication In Nursing Nursing Essay A nurse with good communication skill is someone who really listens to the patients, understands their problems and queries and answers in a way the patients will understand. Communication in nursing profession can be a complicated process, and the possibility of sending or receiving incorrect messages frequently exists. It is important to know the key components of the communication process, how to improve the nursing skills and the potential problems that exist with errors in communication. In this case, we take a nurse as an example. A nurse who can explain in a simple manner to a sick man why a particular diet is very useful to get well soon, is said to have good communication skills. Both verbal and non-verbal communication plays a very important role in communication in nursing. For most patients, the nurse becomes the primary contact in the medical world. The nurse serves as the liaison between doctor and patient. She must understand the doctors instructions and the patients concerns. Her communications skills focus on both giving and receiving information as well as creating an environment of confidence. The relationship between nurse and patient should be a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. According to Pullen and Matthias (2010), a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is defined as a helping relationship that is based on mutual trust and respect, the nurturing of faith and hope, being sensitive to self and others, and assisting with the gratification of your patients physical, emotional, and spiritual needs through your knowledge and skill. In other words, a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship focuses mainly on the patient. Today, it is sad to say that there are many nurses who fail to grasp the importance of good communication between the nurses and the patients and therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. They neglect their duty to keep the needs of the patients as their first priority. Poor communication is dangerous as misunderstandings can lead to misdiagnosis and even medication errors. This area is also one of the main sources of complaints made to the health service ombudsman every year and some believe that a separate module for communication should be used in nursing training instead of being subsumed into the general curriculum. The barriers to good communication skills are many and include time pressures (nurses are so busy ad may not be able to get time to sit and talk with patients); lack of privacy; skills mix on the wards can mean there is a shortage of qualified nurses who are available to talk to patients; lack of training; and different languages. There are also several useful things to remember in having good communication including being prepared and know what you are going to say; having the right information to give when patients ask questions; maintain eye contact and observe the patients body language; listen properly; pick up on the non-verbal signs as well as the verbal ones; avoid the use of medical jargon; and in cases of breaking bad news, be emotionally prepared, try to find the right environment, and be sensitive, honest and compassionate. In this assignment, however, I will only discuss on factors that lead to poor communication in nursing. Research Problem 1. Problem Statement The problem statement for this research is To determine the factors that lead to poor communication skills in nursing. Poor communication skills in nurses are a major problem today and can be widely seen in most hospitals and clinics. There are many cases where the nurses speak rudely to the patient and ignore any questions asked by them. They are more concerned with their own welfare than that of the patient and many nurses hesitate and feel embarrassed to ask questions when there are things they do not understand. Their ignorance and poor communication skills can be due to several factors such as emotional stress, language barriers, overworking, fear and education or experience gaps. This problem of poor communication, if it is not dealt with at its earlier stage may lead to the destruction of the delicate relationship between the patients and the nurses. The patient will no longer trust the nurses and this may not only give a bad name to the nurses but also to the hospital. I believe that, when the root of this poor communication in nurses has been identified, we can take immediate action to correct and improve the current communication between the nurses and the patients. In this research, our scope is within the Miri General Hospital. The nurses in the hospital act as a mediator between the doctor and the patients. Nurses are the group of hospital staff that are the eligible to explain any queries of the patients and give comfort to patients. This is the main reason why good communication skill is a compulsory trait that all nurses must possess. It is from this research that I hope, we will get a better understanding of the cause of poor communication in nurses and from there, and we will be able to take necessary steps to overcome this problem. 2. Research Objectives (a) To understand the importance of good communication skills in nursing. The best relationship between a nurse and her patient is the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. Therapeutic nurse-patient relationships are based on mutual trust, nurturing, and sensitivity to the patients needs. In this research, we wished to determine why good communication is very important in the nursing field. What are the advantages of good communication in nursing and what are the drawbacks of poor communication in this field. (b) To determine if overworking is the cause of poor communication in nursing. Nurses today have more responsibilities compared to nurses of previous times. Today, nurses not only are responsible for the welfare of their patients but their paperwork load has increased. Nurses also need to ensure the cleanliness of the ward especially if the housekeeping staffs are not around. They need to be able to fix the machineries if the technicians are not available. All these additional responsibilities lead to the overworking of nurses and thus leads to them not having the time to communicate and interact well with the patients. (c) To determine if shortage of nurses is the cause of poor communication in nursing. With each passing year, there are more sick patients that require a lot of time and attention from the nurses. But due to lack of nurses, there is only very limited things a nurse can do for each patient. The nurse allocates a very short while to attend her patients, not having time to talk or listen to the patients questions or doubts. This will make the patient feel neglected and unattended to. This high nurse to patient ratio may also be a reason that contributes to the poor communication between nurses and patients and also degradation of therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. (d) To determine whether language barrier is leading to poor communication in nursing. Language plays an important role in communication. The inability to understand a language can lead to misunderstanding and miscommunication, worst still, misdiagnosis. In nursing, it is very important that the nurse should understand what the patient tries to convey to them and vice versa. If both the nurses and the patients cannot understand each other due to use of different language, it will lead to many problems and misunderstandings. Language may also be a factor that leads to poor communication in nursing. (e) To determine if fear is one of the contribution to poor communication in nursing. One common reason for poor communication is that it has to do with a  nurse  having a  lack of comfort or fear in communicating with another nurse or doctor. These type of issues usually occurs  when a nurse feels threatened by a co-worker, fears the possibility of making a mistake and doesnt say anything to avoid judgement or  lacks confidence in her abilities as a competent nurse. (f) To determine if education and experience gaps leads to poor communication in nursing. An education or experience gap can occur when a less educated/experienced nurse works with another senior nurse who  is much  more educated and/or experienced and the junior nurse has trouble understanding the concepts, procedures and/or medical terminology used by the more experienced nurse. These types of gaps can lead to confusion, misinterpretation, inaction and errors due to the inability to communicate effectively  and fully understand  what is being  communicated. (g) To determine whether emotional stress leads to poor communication in nursing. Nurses who are experiencing a lot of emotional stress or a trauma may have difficulty focusing or expressing or communicating their feelings, perceptions, beliefs  and attitude towards certain situations. This can lead to mistakes being made and/or reduce the amount of attention they are able to put towards their work, patients and co workers. 3. Hypothesis/ Research Questions I have come to believe that modern day nurse-patient relationship is undergoing serious strain due to poor communication between the nurses and the patients. There are several factors that might contribute to this problem. Firstly, the modern nurses are being overworked, causing them to lack in their communication skills. When nurses work long  shifts for  extended periods of time it can cause fatigue, which lowers their focus, effectiveness and ability to communicate effectively with patients and staff. Today, nurses must spend an inordinate amount of time completing redundant documentation in several different places, hunting for supplies, wearing multiple hats and performing other tasks. For instance, if the need for a cleanup arises and the housekeeping staffs are not present, nursing staff must address it. If the remote control is not functioning properly and the maintenance staffs are nowhere to be found, the nurse is usually the person who must try to resolve the issue. The next reason is due to shortage of nurses. Every year there are more sick patients that require much of the nurses time. This leaves them with very limited time with other patients. The nurses may be doing their job but they fail to form a relationship with the patients. We take for example,  a nurse approaching the bedside to empty a patients indwelling urinary catheter. As she approached she didnt make any eye contact and duly went about emptying the catheter, recorded the details on his fluid balance chart and walked away. At no time during the procedure did she speak. This example shows how essential communication skills are when caring for patients. Had he wanted to ask a question, the opportunity was lost. At this time, it would have been a good opportunity to take a look at the patient and perhaps ask how he was feeling. Poor non verbal communication also leads to poor nurse-patient communication. Poor communication also occurs when the nurse and patient speak different first languages. Idioms and frames of reference can carry shades of meaning in one language that may not exist in another. Mispronunciation or incorrect signing may be misleading to the nurse or patient, causing the patient to lose his trust on the nurse. This problem usually occurs among the elderly patients and also the foreign patients. Due to the difference in language, both the nurses and the patients fail to convey each message to another.   Especially in Malaysia, a country full of different races and languages, it is impossible for the nurses to be able to understand and speak all these different languages. There are also some patients, especially those who live in the interiors; they are not able to speak the national language but only their one native language. This phenomenon also leads to poor communication skills. Poor communication also tends to evolve out of the level of power within hospitals. The presence of hierarchies in hospitals tends to increase the likelihood of poor communication developing at some level or another within the vertical power structure. The main cause of this communication failure is due to fear but hierarchical organization of power in hospitals is not a bad thing-it just means that it can lead to poor communication to develop discrimination within the medical hierarchy. One of these places is between physicians and nurses. Nurses frequently hesitate from asking physicians potentially obvious or unimportant questions. As both physicians and nurses are very much involved in the care and support of patients, major communication breakdown between them could lead into serious medical difficulties for their patients. For example when a physician instructs a nurse to convey important medical information to patients but the nurse does not fully understand the information an d due to fear, she does not ask for further explanation from the doctor and gives the wrong information to the patient. Poor communication between physicians and nurses also often develop when physicians fully rely on written orders to convey instructions to nurses. They will write important details into patients medical files- including crucial instructions for nurses, for example when to administer a particular treatment. If nurses happen to miss checking patients medical files, they will also miss the important instructions that were written in them. Although this raises the crucial question of why doctors continue to use this indirect mode of communication to the extent they do, and nurses dont object to it, does not suggest that written communication should be prohibited, but that written communication is a poor substitute for direct verbal communication. One reason why written communication remains is that nurses fear questioning what they might consider to be a standard pract ice among all doctors. Here again it can be seen that the reluctance to question the practices of superiors may lead to a communication breakdown-or, more seriously, to a complete communication failure. As nurses usually feel inferior to the physician in charge, so do junior nurses feel inferior to the senior or more experienced nurses. The younger nurses hesitate to ask questions to the senior nurses in fear of being labelled as not well educated. Sometimes, the senior nurses explains a certain procedure or information to the junior nurses, but due to lack of experience, she may not fully understand it and hesitate to ask any questions after that. The senior nurses also take for granted that the junior nurses understand all that has been explained. Miscommunication as such is very dangerous as it will affect the patient. Nurses are the backbone of any healthcare unit. The pressures of overtime and long working hours create a work leads to stress, which will affect the health of the nurses. All nurses have to do shift work or attend emergencies at night and this stress of shift work can also worsen the nurses health conditions leading to depression, low morale, and low motivation. Other factors such as long commuting hours and long traffic adds to their stress affect the employees efficiency and effectiveness. All these can affect the nurses relationship at home as well as on the job. Home stress contributes significantly to the stress faced by nurses. Their home life is disturbed due to night shifts, overtime, transportation problem, and difficulty in getting leave. They constantly worry about their children and their studies not being properly supervised. Nurses have to look after the home, cooking and cleaning as they cannot afford domestic help. This can have a negative influence on their physical and emotional health and lead to psychosomatic disorders. Psychosomatic illness is a disorder that affects the body and the mind. These illnesses have emotional origins causing physical symptoms. Some examples are acidity, anaemia, backache, and stiffness in the neck and shoulders. Sometimes, in the absence of doctors, nurses are on the front line and have to face verbal abuse from patients and relatives for issues that may not be directly connected to their work. Physical violence and aggressiveness is also on the rise in patients and their relations. Demanding patients and their relatives can cause conflict and lead to more stress. Another cause of stress is economic loss to the organization due to errors, wrong decisions, wrong choice, lack of attention, and injury. All these stress factors demotivate the nurses causing them to slack in their communication skills. Conclusion Communication in nursing is specifically used to identify the nurse-patient relationship amongst other things; some of the ways include translating, getting to know you and establishing trust to ensure the patient receives the best treatment (Fosbinder, 1994). In a place where an individuals health  and well-being  is largely determined by the level of cooperation amongst  nurses  and other  medical professionals who are assisting them, there are things that are more important than  education, training and open communication. Poor communication often leads to big mistakes such as prescribing the wrong medication, improper diagnosis of a patient  ailment or medical condition, administering the wrong treatment plans and in some cases even death of a patient due to misdiagnosis due to lack of communication. We also know that nurses and physicians are trained to communicate differently. Nurses learn to communicate by being descriptive, detailed, and narrative while physicians learn to summarize, diagnose, mend, and repair. This makes nurses the best mediator between the physician and the patient as nurses are taught to explain and give information in the most understandable manner to the patient. Communication is at the heart of these goals and patients are being encouraged to be more involved in their care. This can only be achieved if patients truly understand what is available and feel empowered to make those choices. Therefore, when talking to a patient next time, take time to reflect on how you think the consultation went and how it could be improved. Determine whether you use jargon or abbreviations that the patient might not understand, and more importantly did you find out if the patient understood what had been said.

Ludlow And Dudley Castle :: Papers

Ludlow And Dudley Castle Ludlow Caste was built around 1085. Castles built around this time were mostly Motte and Bailey. This made a good defence but was not typical of castle defences. Ludlow Castle was the first stone castle, which was unusual. Because of its Royal Connections a lot of money was spent on Ludlow Castle especially on better defences. Dudley Castle on the other hand is different and is a Motte and Bailey castle. Motte and Bailey castles are typical and were common. Later on Dudley Castle was demolished and remade into a stone castle. Dudley Castle is built on a natural hill, which is a good defence whilst Ludlow Castle is not built on a hill but has a steep 100ft drop. A steep drop makes it harder for the enemy to climb up or attack. This defence is not typical because no other castle will have a 100ft drop. This is an excellent choice of location and makes an ideal defence. Dudley Castle has evidence of a Motte running around because I noticed a pond and ditch like features. Ludlow Castle only had a ditch around the inner bailey. We know this is not a Motte because it has a door room inside the ditch; this is probably where they went through to collect the dead bodies of their enemies. Both castles have barbicans and both castles also have high walls. Ludlow Castle has a river and so has a drawbridge. Dudley and Ludlow Castle both have crenellations. Ludlow Castle also has machicolations this meant that it was well defended as they could throw missiles from the flanking towers above. The most typical thing about both castles is that they both have a Keep, which was the most important part of the castle. Most of Ludlow Castles' defences are typical but it has a few which are original. For example the 100ft drop. I think Ludlow's defences are very strong and it would be hard to conquer. [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Sirrvet Bukhari 11W Ludlow And Dudley Castle Coursework

Discuss the staging of Act 1 Scene 4 and Act 5 Scene 3 Essay

Macbeth was written in 1606 for the current King James I. 1606 was in the Jacobean period, a time when people believed in the Divine Right of Kings. This is the belief that Kings were chosen by God. They also believed that the worst possible crime was to kill a King and this would result in being dammed to hell. They also believed in the â€Å"Great Chain of Being†, the importance of beings from highest to lowest. At the top was God and below him were the different positions held by Angels. Below Angels, the King was positioned above all other human beings. Because of this the King was given the title â€Å"God’s Deputy On Earth. During the Jacobean period there was also a strong belief in witchcraft; this being present in the play greatly intrigued the audience. Act 1 scene 4 and act 5 scene 3 both show examples of Kingship. The Kingship shown in these two scenes are very different. In order to understand these differences we must focus on the way in which the scenes are staged and the audience’s opinions generated by the script. Duncan is a very well respected and admired King. The people of Scotland admire and bow down to him, as they believe he is a good ruler. Duncan praises and rewards those who do well to him. He congratulates Macbeth in winning the battle against Norway and promotes him to Thane of Cawdor. Its ironic how Duncan’s two most trusted companions betray him. Macbeth had gained the title Thane of Cawdor off the previous traitor that turned against Duncan and fought for Norway. Duncan truly believes in loyalty and trust. This implies that Duncan is an extremely confident man. When he walks into a room, he knows people are watching him and this does not bother him. Macbeth rules very differently to Duncan. After killing Duncan, Macbeth begins to fear that this could easily happen to him. Macbeth does not praise those who do well, but punishes those who do bad or even nothing. If he feels they may be a threat to him he will immediately take action and eliminate them. Macbeth has no loyal friends, simply scared servants that do what they are commanded, fearing for their lives. The first scene shows Duncan as King surrounded by his loyal company, whereas the second scene shows Macbeth as King without the company of anyone except his servants which are treated with very little respect. In both of these acts the Kings are displayed in the same room of the castle. In act 1 scene 1, Duncan is informed about the death of Thane of Cawdor who is found to be a traitor and sentenced to death. The atmosphere presented is shameful but Duncan knows that the decision he made was right. In act 5 scene 3 Macbeth hears that the English army is heading for the castle. He also finds out the unstable condition of his wife. He jokes to the doctor and asks what the condition of the country is. The doctor replies very honestly saying that he would want to be as far away from Dunsinane as possible. In this scene Macbeth realizes that he will never be the King that Duncan was, he can see that the honor he receives is merely from the mouth and not from the heart. To show the different views from each scene I would present them similar to each other, as this would allow the audience to compare and make a connection between the scenes more clearly. In act 1 scene 4 I would arrange the characters in order to show their status. I would place Duncan in center stage and make sure that he is the main focus. In order to enhance this idea his position on stage must be raised above others. I would have his loyal accompanists by his side. By doing this it would create the sense that Duncan is a man of high status and respected and honored as a King. To create a connection between the two scenes I would place Macbeth in the same position as Duncan in act 5 scene 3. Duncan’s reaction to the betrayal and sentenced execution to the once loyal Thane of Cawdor should be very calm. He could also show a slight sadness by shedding a tear, this would show the audience that Duncan is shocked and upset by the acts of mistrust. Macbeth is faced with a similar situation in which could endanger his position as King, I would make him react violently and irritated. To create an obvious link between the tow scenes I would use a large throne as a distinctive prop. This throne would be grand and covered in red velvet. In act 1 scene 4 I would have Duncan using this throne in a proper manner, sitting up straight and proudly, where as I would have Macbeth slouching with one leg on an armrest. By using this prop it would display their differences in Kingship. In act 1 scene 4 Macbeth displays his loyalty towards Duncan by crying out â€Å"O worthiest cousin!† as Macbeth and Banquo approach. As he says this line I would make him have his arms wide open reaching out towards Macbeth. In line 31 Duncan says â€Å"†¦let me infold thee and hold thee to my heart.† On this line I would make Macbeth kneel down and kiss Duncans ring. Rings were worn by Kings as symbols of their positions. Kissing this ring would show Macbeth’s respect towards Duncan. In part 3 of act 5, line 11, a servant informs Macbeth about the English army’s approach towards the castle. Macbeth is worried, he shows great disrespect towards the servant by addressing to him with â€Å"thou cream-fac’d loon†. Whilst Macbeth says this line I would make him use violence towards the servant, hitting or shaking him. This would show an evil and uncaring King that is simply using his status to place himself above everyone else. Towards the end of this scene a doctor talks to Macbeth about the condition of his wife. Macbeth looks down to the doctor even though the doctor knows more about his wife than he does. Macbeth often reassures himself by referring back to the witches’ prophecies, while he does this I would have him pacing back and forth. The witches never told Macbeth what to do; they simply predicted the future and left it in the hands of Macbeth. This raises the idea that Macbeth might not have been King if he did not kill Duncan, or he could have become King at a later date from the natural death of Duncan. Dressing both of the Kings in each scene differently can compare their differences in personality. I would dress Duncan in a large pure white robe to show his clear conscience. I would also adorn him with gold jewelry to display his high status. Macbeth would be dressed very differently; I would have him in more common clothing in the colour black. This black would show the evil hidden within him. This evil side is suggested when Lady Macbeth describes Macbeth as looking like â€Å"the innocent† yet being â€Å"the serpent under†. By using different lighting I would be able to display what the Kings are feeling in each scene. In act 1 scene 4 I would use an orange light, this would create a feeling of warmth, as Duncan is kind, caring and in great company. In act 5 scene 3 I would have a blue light, this will give the scene a cold, empty and negative feel. All of these stage techniques would enable the audience to compare and contrast the two scenes of Kingship. If these were not used it would make the story harder to understand, hidden within Shakespeare’s script. In both of these scenes the Kings received high amounts of respect whether it was truly from the heart or falsely from the mouth. Macbeth was seen to be simply an â€Å"unfit† King by those who knew him closely as apposed to a â€Å"bad† King. This is because in the Jacobean period, whomever becomes King, has been elected by God, God being the top of the â€Å"Great Chain of Beings†. Back then God’s opinion meant everything, and could fix peoples opinion on a bad King.   

Non-verbal Communication Essay - 890 Words

Not a day goes by that an individual does not interact with another person, either by phone or in person. There will always be some interaction between two or more people. This interaction will bring about many thought process and emotions that will give the receiver a cue to respond with verbal and nonverbal messages. `â€Å"Every time one person interacts with another non-verbal communication takes place, it `may be intentional or unintentional, but it is part of the rapid stream of communication that passes between two interacting individual† (Gabbott Hogg, 2001). The responses will either be acceptable or unacceptable. Outcomes will vary. No one reacts in the same way as another individual. Examples would be a surprise birthday part†¦show more content†¦Merriam-Webster defines non-sequiturs as â€Å"an inference that does not follow from the basis premises (Non-sequitur, 2011).† The cause and effect of facial expressions are unrelated. Cultures will differ in nonverbal communication and actions but the facial expressions basically the same. Gestures Body gestures are physical types of nonverbal communication. Tapping of a pencil on a desk while studying, a wave from someone to gain another’s attention, or hand signals such as Sign Language or police directing traffic. Body Language and Posture How the sender present himself/herself sends nonverbal communication to a receiver. Handshakes, eye contact, facial expressions, and posture send silent messages to the other person. Posture is an indicator of approachability. The distinction in posture is rectangular and triangular. The posture or position of two people will indicate private conversations (rectangle) or an invitation to join in a conversation (triangle) (Bjorseth, 2007). Proxemics Space, proxemics, is the distance between two or more people. The distance between individuals at a social gathering will be approximately 18 inches compared speaking to an audience, which is 12 to 15 feet. This is better known as space between individuals. Eye Gaze â€Å"Looking, staring and blinking can also be important nonverbal behaviors† (Cherry, 2011). When an individual meets another person or sees something the eyesShow MoreRelatedCommunication : Verbal And Non Verbal Communication1216 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is a complex activity which involve verbal and non-verbal communication, the topic under discussion, the prejudgments that people bring to the topic, and the â€Å"communication history† between participants in the discussion. A Speaker who transmits message must ensure that the message is delivered clearly. A listener who takes the messages must be an active listener. 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There is constant interaction between patients, physical therapists, physical therapists assistants, other employees, other health professionals, etc. This report will look at communication within different levels of employment, non-verbal and verbal communication, communication impacted by the audience, technologyRead MoreVerbal and Non-Verbal Communication2628 Words   |  11 Pages Communication has always been a vital part of our life and is important in the day to day interact ions we participate in with friends, family and the people who are close to us. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, â€Å"communication is the exchange of meanings between individuals through a common system of symbols.† Communication varies between two types, one being verbal communication and the other being non-verbal communication. Amy Lucas highlights in her article the fact that, Our ancestors hunted

Immigration to the United States - 8027 Words

The Immigration Debate US immigration laws in the last 25 years †¢ 1980 - Refugee Act increased overall refugee quotas to 270,000 †¢ 1986 - Immigration Reform and Control Act granted lawful permanent residency to over 2.7 million undocumented immigrants †¢ 1990 - Immigration Act established categories of employment and placed cap of number of non-immigrant workers †¢ 1996 - Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act - imposed strict penalties against illegal immigration and expanded definition of deportable offenses †¢ 2001-Green Card Through the Legal Immigration Family Equity (LIFE) Act †¢ 2006 The Secure Fence Act authorizes the construction of 1,127 kilometers of double-layered fencing along the U.S.-Mexico border. †¢ 2012†¦show more content†¦2001 Legal Immigration Family Equity (LIFE) Act †¢ Enabled certain individuals who are present in the United States who would not normally qualify to apply for adjustment of status in the United States to obtain a green card (permanent residence) regardless of: – The manner they entered the United States – Working in the United States without authorization – Failing to continuously maintain lawful status since entry By the end of 2009: †¢ of the nearly 2.7 million individuals who became legal permanent residents under the LIFE Act, barely 41% had gone on to exercise the option to naturalize. 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The Women s Rights Movement - 1659 Words

Although countries throughout the world have accomplished full equality for men and women, the women’s rights movement in Pakistan has just begun. People are starting to protest against discriminations that women face in their daily lives that disable them from having a voice in society. Some of these discriminations involve men being able to divorce their wives without her consent, women’s voices having half the weight of a man’s in court, and female heirs inheriting less money or property than a male heir (â€Å"Sharia†, 9). Groups like the Pakistani Women’s Rights Organization are striving for the removal of laws or practices that justify cruelty towards women. They are also raising awareness of issues displaying discrimination against women in order to gain supporters in Pakistan and throughout the world. Women’s activist groups and individuals have increased in number throughout the years due to their powerful, public outcries. The y all share one common goal: achieve full equality for women in Pakistan (Human Rights Issues, 1). Unfortunately, with the augmentation of the women’s rights movement, there has also been an increase of violence in the country of Pakistan. In 2009, there was a thirteen percent increase of violence by non-supporters of the women’s rights movement. These cruel activities involve riots and harassment towards women’s rights activist groups. There are three main reasons why people oppose the establishment of women’s equal rights inShow MoreRelatedThe Women s Rights Movement702 Words   |  3 Pagesthat the women’s rights movement in the United States failed to accomplish its goals in the early –mid 19th century because the slavery issue was never resolved is unfounded. 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Stakeholder Analysis and Strategies Engagement †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Stakeholder Analysis and Strategies Engagement. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this paper is to solve the issues and challenges which exist with the site location of oil tank in Australia. The sites of the oil company are geographically apart which require renovation in the existing condition of the tanks for managing the distribution of oil precisely to the destination point (Chang, 2015). The problem of oil leakage is the major problem which exists with the company and becoming major hurdle in restricting growth of the firm. The focus of the project proposal is to resolve the issues and challenges which the company faced in handling of the oil tankers at different location. The environmental issues also have to settle down to preserve the ecological balance in the society. The eco-friendly project plan should be developed to manage the operational capabilities of the enterprise. The flammable vapours can affect the growth of the local people. The project is designed for making a patching over the leakage point of the tanks so that no harms to the environment happen. The goal of the project plan is to cover the area of major concern and get the solution regarding it. The major concerns areas of the project are: Project scheduling activities in relation with the filling of the tank situation at different locations: It helps in resolving the problems faced by the local community members in filling of the tank at different location. Minimizing the environmental damage due to the release of flammable vapours from the leakage point of the tanks: It can be done by applying patching process on the leakage point. Renovation of the tank by patching on the leakage points of the tank: It can be done by applying steel patches on the leakage point. Preparation of the project design and solution: The design of the project include installation of the main supply valve, anchor pipes, and steel patches Project scope statement Tank Number In-scope activities Out of Scope activities Tank 1 Storing capacity of the tank 1 should extended to around 1 million litres capacity 2 metres square dimension steel patching is required all over the tank leakages point Balancing the renovation of the tank at height with the inclusion of four anchors Requirement of 4 steel patches Arrangement of Tank Cleanliness program Exterior painting of the tank Re-painting of the tank from inside is not required Tank 2 Storing capacity of the tank 2 should extended to around 3 million litres capacity 3 metres square dimension steel patching is required all over the tank leakages point Requirement of seven steel patches Balancing the renovation of the tank at height with the inclusion of four anchors Arrangement of Tank Cleanliness program Exterior painting of the tank Re-painting of the tank from inside is not required Tank 3 Storing capacity of the tank 3 should extended to around 7 million litres capacity 1.5 metres square dimension steel patching is required all over the tank leakages point Requirement of six steel patches Balancing the renovation of the tank at height with the inclusion of four anchors Installation program for main supply valve with the radius of 150 mm Arrangement of Tank Cleanliness program Exterior painting of the tank Re-painting of the tank from inside is not required Problem domain: The project should focus on the patching system to prohibit the release of flammable gaseous vapour during the delivery of the fuel oil. Name of the stakeholder Role Responsibilities M.F. Hussain Project Manager He is responsible for handling review meetings with the team member Approving the proposal of patching system (Felipe, 2009) Analysis of the problem criteria Preparation of the activity schedule (Willet, 2014) R. Radhakrishanan Project Sponsor Managing the cash inflow and outflow activities Sponsoring the approved budget of the project to carry out the activities Review meetings L M Prasad Project owner Reviewing of the project proposal Approval of the project proposal plan K. Jones Accountant Managing the cash inflow and outflow activities Preparing budget Calculating difference in the actual and the budget cost M. Chang Geologist engineer Inspection of the tank from outside and inside Proposing the cleanliness plan of the tank Exterior painting Approving the plan of patching system (Thuyet, 2015) Approving plan of changing main supply valve of tank 3 K. Wuest Environmental Engineer Measuring the negative consequences of the flammable gases (Interactive economics, 2015) Including eco-friendly activities in the project plan (Wallace, 2016) Predicting problems of the local villagers. Resource management plan Location Resources required Quantity of resources required Location Tank 1 Oil tanker Capacity 1 million litre Steel patching material 4 patches Anchor pipes of steel 4 anchor Requirement of Paint Exterior capacity of the tank Location Tank 2 Oil tanker Capacity 3 million litre Steel patching material 6 patches Anchor pipes of steel 4 anchor Requirement of Paint Exterior capacity of the tank Location Tank 3 Oil tanker Capacity 7 million litre Steel patching material 6 patches Anchor pipes of steel 4 anchor Requirement of Paint Exterior capacity of the tank Valve 300mm in diameter Key deliverables Documentation of the working schedule of project activities Analysis of the tank leakages Risk Management plan Resource management plan Acceptance criteria Requirement of the renovation Managing the delivery of the fuel oil Resolving issues and challenges of the project Acceptance criteria The project report will be acceptable by the project owner if it is capable of Stopping the leakage of the fuel oil from the tanks Effective working of the patching system (Candreva, 2013) Resolving environmental issues of the project Successful delivery of the fuel oil to the destination point Effective cleanliness plan of the project (Baker, 2010) Project Overview The Process Life cycle of the project for all the three tanks are describe in the table below: Location Project Phases Description Tank 1 Project requirement phase Extending the capacity of the tank Applying patching on the leakages Covering areas of packages with steel patches and anchors Project analysis Communication with the local villagers for analysing the ill effect of flammable vapours of fuel oil Environmental Hazards Analysis the application of patching to the leakages areas Project Designing Applying patches to the leakage points of the tank Increasing capacity up to 3 million litres Applying 4 steel patches Applying 4 steel anchors Project implementation Implementation of cleanliness plan, patching all over the leakage points, and repainting the exterior of the tank Project closure Success in stopping the leakage from tanks and release of flammable vapours Tank 2 Project requirement phase Extending the capacity of the tank Applying patching on the leakages Covering areas of packages with steel patches and anchors Project analysis Communication with the local villagers for analysing the ill effect of flammable vapours of fuel oil Environmental Hazards Analysis the application of patching to the leakages areas Project Designing Applying patches to the leakage points of the tank Increasing capacity up to 3 million litres Applying 6 steel patches Applying 4 steel anchors Project implementation Implementation of cleanliness plan, patching all over the leakage points, and repainting the exterior of the tank Project closure Success in stopping the leakage from tanks and release of flammable vapours Tank 3 Project requirement phase Extending the capacity of the tank Applying patching on the leakages Covering areas of packages with steel patches and anchors Project analysis Communication with the local villagers for analysing the ill effect of flammable vapours of fuel oil Environmental Hazards Analysis the application of patching to the leakages areas Project Designing Applying patches to the leakage points of the tank Increasing capacity up to 7 million litres Applying 6 steel patches Applying 4 steel anchors Installation of the main supply valve Project implementation Implementation of cleanliness plan, patching all over the leakage points, and repainting the exterior of the tank Project closure Success in stopping the leakage from tanks and release of flammable vapours Conclusion: The successful implementation of the proposed activity of the patching system helps in overcoming the problem of leakages faced by the project owner and the local villagers. The successful implementation plan of the project helps in making ecological balance with the environment. References Baker, C. (2010). Report on stakeholder analysis and strategies for stakeholder engagement. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.wetwin.eu/downloads/D2-1.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Candreva, F. (2013). Safety guidelines and good industry practices for oil terminals. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/documents/2014/TEIA/COP__Gva__3-5_Dec_14/SG_and_GIP_for_OT_presented_to_the_Bureau___E.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Chang, J. (2015). Petroleum tank farm and distribution facility: Project implementation plan. 1st ed. [ebook]. Avaialble at: https://portcolborne.com/fileBin/library/Nyon%20Oil%20Port%20Colborne%20Energy%20Park%20Petroleum%20Tank%20Farm%20%20Distribution%20Facility%20Implementation%20Plan%20-%20Final.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Felipe, L. (2009). Fuel farm feasibility study. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/domestic-sea-freight-development-fund/fuel-farm-feasibility-study/docs/fuel-farm-feasibility-study.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Interactive economics. (2015). Economic report on petroleum storage tanks in washington. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://plia.wa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/PLIA_Economic_Impacts_Report.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Thuyet, N. (2015). Risk management plan in oil and gas construction project in Veitnam. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: ftp://est.ufmg.br/pub/lupercio/management/sem_0718.pdf.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Wallace, W. (2016). Project management for oil and gas industry. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.ebsglobal.net/EBS/media/EBS/PDFs/Project-Management-Oil-Gas-Course-Taster.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018]. Willet, I. (2014). Watershed management system for water quality improvement. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/118379/2/wp52.pdf [Accessed 30 Mar. 2018].